9 November 1877 is the date of birth of Allama Iqbal, and every year, 9 November is celebrated as Allama Iqbal Day. It is also known as Allama Iqbal’s birthday or Youm e Iqbal. Allama Iqbal is also known as a “Poet of the east.” He was a philosopher, politician, Ideologist of Pakistan, and his Urdu poetry was among the most outstanding poetry of the 20th century. To know all the unique and interesting facts about a great personality and Allama Iqbal Day, stay tuned till the end with us.
Personal Life
Allama Iqbal Day-Background
Allam Iqbal was born on 9 November in 1877 in Sialkot city, Punjab Provine, in Kasmiri family. His family was non-muslim and then converted into Muslims. His family migrated to Punjab when the Sikh Emperor was conquering the Kasmir. Iqbal often mentioned his family in his writing.
Iqbal often wrote about his family being a son of Kashmiri Barhaman but with the wisdom of Rumi and Tabriz. Noor Muhammad, his father, was not a well-educated person, but he did not stop himself from learning alphabets; that’s why he could read Persian and Urdu books.
Noor Muhammad mostly spent his time along with Sufis and Islamic scholars. He recited Holy Quran regularly and believed in miracles to happen. It is why ALLAH blessed Noor Muhammad with a son whose nature was to be served to humanity. By profession, Noor Muhammad was a tailor and embroidered. His wife, Iqbal’s Mother, Imam Bibi, was a very humble and polite woman who always helped people with their problems. Iqbal loved his mother very much.
Early Education
During his early education, Iqbal developed his ethics well, brightly following his father and mother both. Seeds of mysticism were present in his bloodstream. When Iqbal was four years old, he was sent to Madrassa for getting instruction in Quran reading. At the Madrassa, Syed Mir Hassan was the head of Arabic teacher and an Arabic teacher at Scotch Mission College, from where he got his enrollment in 1893.
After two years, in 1895, he completed his intermediate with the faculty of science. He was enrolled in Government College University in the same year in Bachelor of Arts in Philosophy, Arabic, and English Literature. On his performance baes, he won the medal named as Khan Bahadaruddin F.S Jalaluddin. After two years, In 1899, he completed his M.A in the same college.
Marriages
Iqbal, three times married, under different circumstances. Iqbal himself disagreed, but he had to sacrifice for his family’s happiness.
- First arrange marriage with her bride Karim Bibi in 1895 when he was 18 year old. Karim Bibi was the daughter of the Khan Bahadur Ata Muhammad Khan, a famous Physician. The couple had two Children, a son and a daughter, Aftab Iqbal and Miraj begum.
- After the death of the Iqbal’s marriage, his second marriage was held with Mukhtar Begum in 1914. This couple had a son, but both the mother and son died after birth.
- Later Iqbal Married with Sardar Begum, they were parents of a daughter Muneera Bano abd a son Javed Iqbal, Senior Justice of Supreme Court of Pakistan.
Higher Education and Europe
Every person has a favorite teacher who influences him; Iqbal was Influenced by Sir Thomas Arnold, a philosophy teacher, and traveled to England for his Higher Education. Iqbal qualified for a scholarship from Trinity College. The B.A in London helped Iqbal to Practice as an advocate while luckily he was called in Bar as a Barrister in Lincoln’s Inn.
For Doctoral studies, in 1907, Iqbal moved to Germany. Iqbal completed his degree of Doctor of Philosophy from the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. Iqbal’s Ph.D. thesis was The Development of Metaphysics in Persia. Iqbal began to write poetry in Persia during his study in Europe.
Academic Career
In 1899, Iqbal started his academic career after completing his Master of Arts, as a reader, at Oriental College. Afterward, he was Shortly Selected as a junior Professor of Philosophy at Government College Lahore, where he had been a student in the past. Iqbal stayed and worked there until his higher education in England in 1905.
He again joined the same college after completing his Ph.D. as a professor of Philosophy and English Literature. Meanwhile, Iqbal started to practice law in High Court Lahore but exited quickly and devoted his life to Literary works by having an active member of Anjuman-e- Hayat-e-Islam.
There was a profound influence of Rumi’s poetry and philosophy on Iqbal. Religions sincerity was present in his bloodstreams. Iqbal embracing Rumi as his guide, started to study Islam, Islam, its culture, and its civilization intensely with keen interest. Iqbal focused on the Ideology of political liberation in Muslims and worldwide.
Efforts and Influences
Political
In his youth days, Iqbal became interested in National Affairs. Iqbal had a closed association with Mian Muhammadad Shafi. Mian Muhammad Shafi was a structural role player of the organization named PUNJAB MUSLIM LEAGUE.
In those days, when ALL INDIA MUSLIM LEAGUE was widening, Iqbal was appointed as a Joint Secretary. He remained in close touch with Muslim Political Leaders like Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Muhammad Ali Jouhar. According to Iqbal Indian National Congress was dominated by Hindus.
Iqbal, an active member of the Khilafat Movement, father founder of Jamia Millia Islamia, was established in October 1920 at Ali Garh. In 1926, in November, Iqbal defeated his opponent by 3177 votes in the election for Punjab Legislative Assembly.
Poetic Books in Persian By Iqbal
- Asrar-i- Khudi
- Ramuz-i- Bekhudi
- Payam-i- Mashriq
- Zabur -i- Ajam
- Javaid Nama
- Armughan e Hijaz
- Pas Cheh Bayed Kard ai Aqwam e Sharq
Poetic Books in Urdu
- Bang -i -Dara
- Bal-i-Jibril
- Zarb-i-Kaleem
Prose Books in English
The Development of Metaphysics in Persia
The Reconstruction of Religious Thoughts in Islam
Prose Books in Urdu
Ilm-ul-Iqtisad
If you are getting more information about Allama Iqbal Day, share in the comment section below.
